Taj Mahal
Famous as one of the wonders of the world, the Taj Mahal in Agra, India is a symbol of true love and passion. Taj Mahal was built by the famous Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan in memory of his beloved wife Mumtaz Mahal. The beauty and grandeur of Taj Mahal's architecture has never been crossed. It is called the most beautiful monument built by the Mughal rulers and represents the basis of Mughal architecture. Made entirely of white stone, the beauty of the Taj Mahal is beyond description. The beauty of the Taj Mahal has been summarized by the famous English poet, Sir Edwin Arnold, "In short, not a piece of architecture, as summarized in other buildings, but the pride of the love of the emperor has been done in living stones. "
Architecture
The synonym of India's identity is the crown of Mughal architecture in Tajmahal, India. In the memory of the Royal members, the Mughal tradition of making majestic tomb was found in the majestic form of Taj. Built-in 1562 Humayun's Tomb was a major influence on the design of the Taj. An architectural miracle, the structure of Dome in the structure and the addition of tanning entrance or 'Evans' as well as the elements of Persian influences along with inspiration such as joining in the form of rich Hindu design elements such as Chhatis and Kamal are included. Described as "tear-dropping on the cheeks of time" by Tagore, the monument is a symbol of fun austerity which has turned into the most beautiful reminder of infinite love.
The Taj Mahal is a part of a vast consisting of many different and connected parts that includes serving to make something look more attractive gateways, a beautifully designed garden, a wonderful water system and a mosque. The complex is situated on the southern bank of Yamuna river. From one South to the north the campus moves towards the river and is made in the phases.
Interior and Exterior decoration
The interior room of the Taj Mahal is very far from the traditional decorative elements. The root word here is not a picture dura, but it is lapidary of precious and treasured gems. The inner chamber is octagonal in which the design allows for entry from each face, however, only the front door of the south garden is used. The interior walls are about 25 meters high and the "false" interior decorated in the form of a sun is at the top of the dome.
Eight pistol arches define space at the surface of the earth level. With the exterior, each lower pistol is crowned by the second blade of Midway on the wall. The four central upper arches produce the balcony or the viewing areas, and each balcony has a complex screen or a cut of a marble in the outer window. The balcony enters the light corners through the opening of the roof covered by the chats, in addition to the light from the screen. The wall of each chamber is highly decorated with Dado Base Relief, complex lapidary inlet and sophisticated calligraphy panels, which show in the miniature details of the design elements seen in the outer part of the complex. Octagonal marble screen or water that is surrounded by the synostosis, is made up of eight marble panels. Each panel has been carved through complex piece work. The remaining surfaces are covered with ceramic stones in extremely delicate detail, which make twins, vines, fruits and flowers.
The Muslim tradition stops the elaborate decoration of the large vault and hence Mumtaz and Shahjahan are placed in an in relation to the simple crypt under the inner chamber and the faces go right and towards Mecca. Men taj Mahal's Synotaf is placed in the exact centre of the inner chamber with a rectangular marble base from 1.5 meters to 1.5 meters. Both the base and the casket are widely included with the precious and treasured EMS.
Calligraphic inscriptions on casket recognize and admire Mumtaz. There is a written rectangular lozenge on the casket lid which is to suggest a writing tablet. Shah Jahan's Senotaph is on the west side of Mumtaz. This is the only visible asymmetric element in the entire complex. His Senotaph is larger than his wife, but reflects the same elements: A large casket on a slightly longer basis, with lapidary and calligraphy identifying Shahjahan again, was amazingly decorated with precision. The traditional statue of a small pen box is on the lid of this casket. Pen boxes and writing tablets were traditional Mughal fairy tunes decorating men's and women's casket, respectively. Nine names of God are found in the form of decorative handwriting or handwritten lettering inscriptions on the edge of the expected mausoleum of Mumtaz Mahal, in which "O Noble, O Magnificent, O Majestic, O Unique, O eternal, o magnificent ..." is included. The tomb of Shah Jahan is a calligraphy inscription that reads; "He go to see and spend time with this world in the Banquet Hall of Eternity on the sixth night of the month of Rajb in 1076 Hijri."
Construction of the Taj Mahal
Construction of Taj Mahal started in the year 1632. About 22,000, stone pieces, caligraphers and artisans from all over India and Central Asia were employed during the construction period of 22 years. The marble used for building was derived from different parts of India and for this purpose, approximately 1000 elements were employed. A board of architects inspected design elements under royal supervision. It took 10 years for the construction of the main tomb and it took 12 years to complete other supporting buildings.
Taj Mahal Myths & Legends
Many myths surrounded by Taj Mahal The widest spread of them is that after the completion of the construction, Shahjahan ordered cutting off the thumbs of architects and workers so that they could not reproduce the works done by them. There is no historical evidence though.
Shahjahan's black is also a myth to turn the Taj Mahal, but his rule was abolished by his son Aurangzeb but was unable to eliminate it. Some historians believe that due to the similarity of the symmetric architecture of the Taj Mahal, the ruins of Mehtab Bagh situated on the opposite bank of Yamuna river are incomplete relics of the structure.
An Indian writer, PN Oak, claimed that the Taj Mahal was built on the site of Shiv Mandir, which was called Taju Mahayana originally built by a Hindu king Parmar Dev. However, despite the petitions for excavation, the Supreme Court of India rejected this claim.
Shah Jahan was spent in captivity in the last eight years of Shah Burj in Agra Fort. It is said that he saw his day in front of the Taj Mahal with a small shirt in his cell and remembering his beloved Mumtaz Mahal.